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文/李家同(清華大學、靜宜大學、暨南大學榮譽教授)
每一年到了會考的時候,我都會注意英文和數學的會考題目,兩者實在都不容易。比方說,以今年會考的英文題目來看,第26~27題的題目是遊戲的規則,然後要看了以後回答到底誰贏了。這實在令我搞不清楚到底是考英文還是智力測驗。我總希望我們的會考裡面有一些基本題目,理由如下:
(1)很多同學不會回答難題,但是會做基本的題目。如果基本題目極少,這些孩子就一定被羞辱,會拿到C(待加強)。去年我們有三分之一的全國國中畢業生,英文會考拿到C,其實這些學生之中,有些同學是有基本能力的,我們實在應該給他們鼓勵而非羞辱。
(2)很多大學生仍然會犯很多基本文法錯誤,很多教授都告訴我,這種現象乃是因為我們國家的考試是不重視基本觀念的。所以,以我們的會考為例,就無法知道有多少同學連最基本的觀念也沒有。
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可是我一直有一個困惑,那就是我也唸過高中,當然也要經過考高中這一關,可是我一點都不記得當年的英文考試有多難,所以我就拜託教育部的一位官員幫我找民國43年考高中的英文和數學考題。這位官員給了我很多各個學校的考題,因為民國43年沒有統一聯考的制度。看了這些考題以後,我實在感概萬分,因為比起現在的會考,當年的每一所學校其實所考的題目都有兩個特色:
(1)沒有叫你看一篇長篇大論的文章,然後問你問題。
(2)裡面都有非常基本的題目。
Translate the following into English:
(1)你為什麼要來這個學校?
(2)十月十日是中國的國慶日。
(3)我們學校沒有女生。
(4)因為下雨我們不能去了。
(5)你願意和我去游泳嗎?
看了這五個句子以後,我感動地幾乎想流淚,因為這五個句子就是我夢寐以求的考題。我總認為我們該有這種題目。當年考高中,尤其像新竹中學、一女中這種學校,都是菁英份子去考的。因為民國43年國民義務教育只有六年,所以當時沒有國中,只有初中。要進初中就不容易,我進成功中學的初中是經過考試入學的。現在進國中不需要考試,可是奇怪的是,考菁英份子的題目很容易,考普羅大眾的題目卻又百般刁難,這到底是什麼原因呢?
有一位學生認為這是「創意」搞出來的,我們現在成天講創意,考題也要有創意,不能考一些基本的題目,考基本的題目就表示出題的人沒有創意了。
可憐的是我們的學生,一旦題目太有創意,學生就不知所措矣。有的時候我們納悶兩件事:
(1)很多孩子現在很不喜歡唸書,上課就在睡覺。
(2)很多孩子要去上補習班,補習班是現在我國日益成長的產業。
如果我們看了當年的考題,再和現在的考題比較一下的話,我們應該就可以得到答案了。我還是要說我真慶幸自己不是現在的年輕人。
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以下我將民國43年一女中入學考試英文題目的一部份列出,原來的考題有一百題之多,我也再列了今年我國的英文會考題目,各位看看這兩者是否有鮮明不同。一女中的考題我雖然只列了一部份,其他的題型完全一樣。
我真希望政府能夠看看這些考卷,然後以後在考題中加入一些非常基本的題目。我實在看不出來這有什麼害處,我都沒有說我們不可以有難題,我只說我們要多一點最基本的題目。可惜的是,大概沒有人會聽我的話。
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省立臺北第一女子中學、省立臺北第二女子中學、省立板橋中學(女子組)聯合招生
作 法
1. A ________ has two wheels.
(1) lamp (2) bicycle (3) clock (4) book
2. He writes with a ________ pen on paper.
(1) chalk (2) stick (3) ink (4) fountain
3. We do not go to school on ________.
(1) Saturday (2) Wednesday (3) Friday (4) Monday
4. He takes his ________ before he goes to school.
(1) breakfast (2) lunch (3) picnic (4) supper
5. Columbus ________ America.
(1) invented (2) went (3) created (4) discovered
6. ________ is the way out.
(1) entrance (2) sigh (3) exit (4) exile
7. He buys meat and fruit in the ________.
(1) movies (2) market (3) school (4) post office
8. The opposite of “lend” is ________.
(1) give (2) buy (3) look (4) borrow
9. ________, people did not live in houses as we do.
(1) A few days ago (2) Long, long age
(3) Again and again (4) Now and then
10. The sun rises in ________.
是對的,或是四個都不對,請仔細選出:
(1) east (2) the east (3) south-east (4) north-east
11. ________ is good to eat.
(1) Stone (2) Coal (3) Gas (4) Cloth
12. I like to play ________ with my friends.
(1) water (2) watch (3) pin (4) knife
13. My country is ________.
(1) the Yellow River (2) the Republic of China
(3) the United States of America (4) the Philippine Islands
14. ________ is one of the most important materials for making clothes.
(1) Wood (2) Iron (3) Cotton (4) Machine
15. I drink ________ of tea.
(1) apiece (2) a kind (3) a cup (4) a grain
16. My brother likes to play with ________.
(1) my sister (2) a book (3) the bowl (4) the pin
17. We like to ________ about our school
(1) say (2) tell (3) speak (4) talk
18. Can you see ________ birds on the tree?
(1) few (2) some (3) any (4) none
19. On each side of the head there’s one ________.
(1) ear (2) eye (3) hand (4) foot
20. The ninth month of the year is ________.
(1) November (2) October (3) August (4) December
21. My father is always ________ of studying.
(1) willing (2) love (3) like (4) interesting
22. I sit in a ________.
(1) desk (2) tree (3) chair (4) floor
23. Five and seven are ________.
(1) thirty (2) twelve (3) nine (4) fourteen
24. I have tow hands; one is the right hand and the other is the ________.
(1) lift (2) left (3) front (4) behind
25. Tom is going to put his letter into the ________.
(1) letter-box (2) toy-box (3) ticket-box (4) book-case
26. Four time eleven is ________.
(1) twenty (2) fifteen (3) forty-five (4) four hundred
27. We Chinese eat with ________.
(1) chopsticks (2) pencils (3) poles (4) saucer
28. I take three ________ a day.
(1) dinner (2) meals (3) rices (4) food
29. I have my hair cut ate the ________ shop.
(1) butchers’ (2) barber’s (3) baker’s (4) woodcutter’s
30. ________ don’t you go to school on Sunday?
(1) What (2) Where (3) Why (4) How
31. She ________ newspaper every day.
(1) has read (2) reads (3) read (4) is reading
32. My aunt ________ him English.
(1) was teaching (2) has been teaching
(3) are teaching (4) is teaching
33. ________ he get up early in the morning?
(1) Do (2) Has (3) Does (4) Don’t
34 The train ________ the station ten minutes ago.
(1) was leaving (2) will be leaving (3) has left (4) left
35. Can you ________ a picture like this?
(1) drawing (2) to draw (3) drew (4) drawn
36. They ________ in this school for three years.
(1) Had been (2) have been (3) has been (4) have to be
37. Each of the girls ________ a pen.
(1) had had (2) have (3) has (4) had
38. Tom with Paul ________ in the garden.
(1) is (2) are (3) be (4) being
39. The desk is ________ by the carpenter.
(1) make (2) makes (3) making (4) made
40. The old man ________ to much wine.
(1) has drink (2) have drank (3) had drink (4) has drunk
41. He always gets ________ the bus at the station.
(1) at (2) after (3) on (4) by
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